Most perennial substrates are part of the Odem line containing Tuff Lava Stone as their main ingredient, a mineral that lends structural stability and resilience to the root system under changing weather conditions over time. Odem substrates are comprised of Tuff Lava Stone, Peat Moss, and CocoPeat, which together are more resilient than Peat Moss-only substrates. Moreover, they break down less and do not tend to shrink, even under hot, dry conditions. The composition of the mixture depends upon where the crop is grown, i.e., greenhouse, net, or out in the open. Despite Odem’s’ coarser texture, they are nonetheless porous and elastic, enabling strong and healthy root elongation throughout the volume of the container.